につけ and につき
につけ
Every time/Both
につけ comes from につけて, loosely meaning “attached to”.
It is used to describe:
- Doing every time (More limited than たびに)
- True for both things
Every time
Sensory Verb/Emotion/Thought + につけ
When used to mean every time, につけ is used with a limited number of sensory verbs, and expresses a natural occurrence.
The natural occurrence tends to be related to emotions. (Source)
This means that につけ is used for statements like “Feel/see/hear X, Y happens”
In this meaning, につけ may appear as につけて.
- 何かにつけて文句を言う – Complaining every chance they get
- 彼を見るにつけ、喧嘩になる – Every time he sees him they get into a fight.
- その話を聞くにつけ怒る – Every time they hear that story they get mad.
- 昔の僕を思い出すにつけ、恥ずかしい気持ちになる – Every time I remember my old self, I am embarassed.
- 研究を思うにつけ眠くなってしょうがない – Every time I think of research I can’ t help but get sleepy.
Both
Noun/Adjective/Plain form verb + につけ + Different word + につけ
In the “both” meaning, につけ functions nearly identically to でも
This pattern is typically used with opposites.
- 辛いときにつけ嬉しいときにつけ彼女を支え続ける – Hard times or happy times, I continue to support her.
- 眠たいにつけ疲れているにつけウエブサイトを頑張る – Sleepy or tired, I try hard on my website.
- いいことにつけ悪いことにつけ彼は無表情だった – Good or bad, he was expressionless.
- 失敗するにつけ成功するにつけ打ち上げ会をする – Fail or succeed, we will have a party.
につき
につき is included here because it is phonetically extremely similar to につけ.
につき can mean:
- Reason
- Per
Reason
Reason + につき
The most common use of につき is on signage and possibly letters, to indicate a reason.
This is a more formal way to express から or ので
- 工事につき通行禁止 – No traffic allowed due to construction
- コロナ感染拡大につき、5月31日まで休業いたします – Due to the increase in Corona, we are temporarily closed until 5/31
- 台風の影響につき、
Per
Unit + につき + unit
につき can also be used as “Per”.
Technically this is a proportion between two numbers.
- 一時間につき100円 – 100 yen per hour.
- カラー1枚につき20円 – 20 yen per 1 color page.
- 入園料は一人につき1000円でございます – The entrance fee is 1000 yen per person.