すぎる
Verbs
Do too much
ます stem + すぎる
すぎる attaches to the ます stem of a verb, and means “too much”. It is an Ichidan verb and conjugates as such. It has a slight negative connotation.
Examples
- 飲みすぎた – I drank too much
- 紙を使いすぎました – I used too much paper
- 話しすぎる – Talk too much.
- 悩みすぎる – Worry too much.
Adjectives
Too X
いAdjectives: Drop final い + すぎる
な Adjectives: Drop な + すぎる
すぎる can be used with adjectives as well. While the slight negative connotation still exists, its not necessarily bad. It can also be used to emphasize something good.
Examples
- 楽しすぎる – Too fun (good thing)
- 笑いすぎて泣いた – I laughed so much I cried.
- 嬉しすぎて隠せない – So (too) happy that I can’t hide it.
- 怖すぎる – Too scary
- 静かすぎる – Too quiet
すぎ
すぎる→すぎ
すぎる can be abbreviated to it’s ます stem, すぎ。This turns the verb ＋ すぎ into a kind of noun.
- 食べすぎ – Eat too much/ate too much/eating too much. (informal)
- 飲みすぎですよ – You’re drinking too much.
Time
After X (Time word)
Time word + すぎ
すぎ (This is not すぎる）can be used to describe “Past x time”. It usually carries a connotation of “Just past”
This is the ます stem of すぎる, and although it means past, すぎる itself cannot be used this way.
- 昼過ぎ – Past noon
- 5時過ぎに帰る – Will go home after/past 5.
*Note, this only works for well defined times.
- 朝すぎ✖ After morning
- 夜すぎ✖ After night
These phrases are possible to communicate with すぎる, however:
- 朝がすぎった – Morning passed.