Category: N4 Grammar

Keigo Apologies 0

Keigo Apologies

Keigo Apologies もうしわけございません The good news is, apologies with Keigo are simple, in that you will use 申もうし訳わけございません (literally: there is no excuse) basically 100% of the time.  ご迷惑をおかけして、申し訳ございません – Sorry for causing you...

Useful て form Pairs 0

Useful て form Pairs

Useful て Form Pairs This page covers some common words paired with the て form. While its just a simple application of the て form, they are extremely useful and common, and can help...

なくてはいけない 0

なくてはいけない

なくてはいけない Can’t Not DoVerb/い Adjective なくて form + はいけないNoun/な Adjective + じゃなくてはいけない なくてはいけない is the negative verb form of てはいけない. It means “Can’t not do”→ “Must do”.It is interchangeable with なければいけない, but it comes...

なければ + いけない/ならない 0

なければ + いけない/ならない

Have to and Must This page covers two common ways to express that something has to be done or must be done:なければ+いけない なければ+ならない なければいけない Have to do/beい Adjectives/Verbs: ない form →ない→ければいけないな Adjectives/Nouns: +じゃなければいけない なければいけない...

ばあい 0

ばあい

ばあい “In the case of”Noun +の場合はAdjective/plain form verb +場合はな adjective +な場合は 場合 (ばあい)  is just a noun that means “case” as in “in the case of”. It’s meaning is very similar to なら and...

ば 0

ば “It’s good if…”Verb dictionary -う + えばAdjective く form -う + えればNoun/な Adjective + であれば ば means “If x, then good”. It is most commonly used to describe conditions needed for a good...

~し~し 0

~し~し

~し し is kind of like the て form in that it functions like “and”. However, there are things left unsaid with し。 And And (Things left unsaid)Verb/い Adjective + しNoun/な Adjective + だし...